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Momentum & Collisions · Physics

Two-dimensional collisions: conserve momentum in x and y.

Oblique impacts and scattering problems require vector momentum conservation. Break vectors into components and solve systematically.

This topic

Two-Dimensional Collisions

Use component equations, clear diagrams, and sanity checks on angles and magnitudes.

Core skill
Vector momentum conservation
Momentum is a vector: conserve it in each perpendicular direction.
  • Write momentum vectors before/after
  • Split into x and y components
  • Two equations, unknowns, constraints
Start nano-lesson Diagram → components → equations.
Common case
Oblique collisions
Collisions where objects move at angles after impact.
  • Choosing axes wisely
  • Using angles and components correctly
  • Momentum-only vs momentum+energy
Start nano-lesson Angles without confusion.
Application
Scattering problems
Interpret “deflection angles” and solve for unknown speeds/angles.
  • Scattering geometry
  • Unknown angle workflows
  • Sanity checks (limits, symmetry)
Start nano-lesson Clean, exam-style setups.
Practice
Practice & Exercises
Master 2D setups through repetition and diagram discipline.
  • Vector-component momentum drills
  • Oblique collision unknown-angle sets
  • Scattering problems (multi-step)
  • Common traps (wrong component signs)
  • Mixed elastic/inelastic 2D questions
Open practice sets Vectors become automatic.